Крамарь А. С.

 Крамарь А. С.

Научный руководитель: канд. филол. наук, доц. Кучешева И. Л.

(г. Омск, РФ)

TO the issue of FITNESS TERMINOLOGY (ON the basis OF materials IN ENGLISH)

The present study is devoted to etymological analysis of fitness terms. The development of science, society and technology impacts quantitative and qualitative composition of terminological systems. They are constantly updated with new terms, denoting new objects, phenomena and concepts. The formation of terminology is due to the interest of people in the development of other fields of activity. Many terms go over time in the category of common words. Thus, terminology is quite popular.

Term is a word or phrase that accurately indicates a concept, used in science, technology, sport, art. Unlike words commonly used, which are often ambiguous, terms are usually unambiguous; they also do not have peculiar expression [1, p. 54].

It was not until the early 1800s that gyms made a minor resurgence in Germany. Still, though, these were not gyms as people think of them today. However, by the middle of the 19th century schools began to build gymnasiums to help bolster their burgeoning athletic programs, which rekindled public’s fascination and appreciation of not only health benefits of exercise but aesthetics of looking more fit [2, p. 177].

There are many types of fitness. Here are the 20 most popular ones: 1. Water aerobics, 2. Pilates, 3. Dance aerobics, 4. Step aerobics, 5. Bodyflex, 6. Fitness yoga, 7. Fitball, 8. Skipping, 9. Bodybuilding, 10. Pump aerobics, 11. Fitbox, 12. Aquaforming, 13. Cycle aerobics, 14. Slide aerobics, 15. Kick aerobics, 16. Stretching, 17. Bossu, 18. Tai-bo, 19. Therarobics, 20. Callanetics [3, p. 189].

Hot Iron

Hot Iron is a unique group strength workout with mini barbells. All major muscle groups are worked out in one workout. Exercising with the Hot Iron system, you will ensure accelerated burning of excess fats, improved metabolism (especially carbohydrate), improved appetite, strengthening of the spine, maintenance of tone and elasticity of ligaments and tendons. It includes such exercises as:

Deadlift is the best basic exercise to work out back muscles. This exercise also works on the muscles in the back of the legs and gluteus muscles.

Lunges are believed the best exercise for working out the gluteus muscles. The exercise is aimed at developing the back of the thigh, buttocks, quadriceps, i.e. on the lower body and is a good addition to basic thigh muscle exercises – squats.

Barbell Curl is a basic exercise aimed at developing strength and increasing biceps mass.

French press is an isolating exercise aimed at working out the triceps.

Wide stance squats are synonymous with the same exercise and are a variation of the classic squat. Plié squats are compound (multi-joint) movements that globally involve virtually the entire muscle profile of the lower body.

Step aerobics. This direction was founded by the American trainer Gene Miller about 15 years ago. For training, you need a special stable platform, the height of which is about 10-30 cm. Thanks to this attribute, the entire load falls on the calf muscles. Classes are held at a fairly rhythmic pace, which allows each person to quickly acquire fit forms, regardless of age and gender. In addition to losing weight, step aerobics exercises help to strengthen the musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular system.

Basic step is stepping on the step, going up to the platform and getting off it. 

Step kick is stepping on the platform with right foot, throwing your left foot forward sharply, simulating a blow. 

Step-back is a step with one foot on the step platform, the second leg, bent at the knee joint due to the tension of the gluteus muscles and lift back.

V-step is a step that resembles the letter V, for this you need to step alternately on the step with two feet on opposite corners of the step.

Over the top is a step through the platform.

Bossu. For this area of fitness, you need a special hemispherical ball that is fixed to the floor. It helps to develop dexterity and endurance, pump muscles of press and lateral abdominal muscles.

Rock climber strengthens the body, arms and lower body. It is necessary to take a lying position, placing your hands on the soft part of the bossu, alternately bending your legs at the knee joint from the chest.

Bird Dog kneeling on the balance pad with all four limbs, you need to simultaneously raise your right arm with your left leg.

Plank promotes development of balance, and also helps to strengthen muscular corset of the body.

Push-up is a complicated exercise for development of chest muscles. It is to a greater extent, in contrast to the classic push-ups from the floor, develops coordination of movements and the ability to keep balance.

Squats strengthen buttocks, lower leg, front thigh, back and abs.

Knowledge of English language allows revealing full essence of term. It makes it possible to approach training process competently. Thus, vocabulary of fitness may include both common and terminological or scientific vocabulary in its functional and semantic characteristics. Fitness terms function in texts of modern scientific literature, in colloquial speech and in journalistic texts: in everyday life and sport communication.

 

ЛИТЕРАТУРА

1.     Морозова, Л. А. Терминознание: Основы и методы / Л. А. Морозова. – М. : ГНО «Прометей» МПГУ, 2004. – 144 с.

2.     Kent, M. Food and Fitness. A Dictionary of Diet and Exercise / M. Kent. – Oxford. New York : Oxford University Press, 1997. – 356 p.